1. 2014 First Aid for the USMLE Step 1
  2. Идеялар
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test

Vikas Bhushan (Admin0) 12 year бұрын • updated by Tao Le (Admin0) 11 year бұрын • 1

Bugswithexotoxins(continued)

Lysecellmembranes

Clostridiumperfringens

Alphatoxin

Phospholipasethatdegrades  DegradationofphospholipidCŽmyonecrosis tissueandcellmembranes  (“gas gangrene”) andhemolysis (“doublezone”

ofhemolysisonbloodagar)

Streptococcuspyogenes

StreptolysinO

Proteinthatdegradescell  LysesRBCs;contributestoâ-hemolysis; membrane  hostantibodiesagainst toxin(ASO) used to

diagnoserheumaticfever(donotconfuse withimmunecomplexesofpoststreptococcal glomerulonephritis)

Superantigenscausingshock

Staphylococcusaureus

Toxicshock syndrometoxin (TSST-1)

Streptococcuspyogenes

ExotoxinA

 
BACTERIA  TOXIN  MECHANISM  MANIFESTATION

Answer

Answer
Tao Le (Admin0) 12 year бұрын
In statistics, the odds ratio[1][2][3] (usually abbreviated ″OR″) is one of three main ways to quantify how strongly the presence or absence of property A is associated with the presence or absence of property B in a given population. If each individual in a population either does or does not have a property ″A,″ (e.g. "high blood pressure″), and also either does or does not have a property ″B″ (e.g. ″moderate alcohol consumption″) where both properties are appropriately defined, then a ratio can be formed which quantitatively describes the association between the presence/absence of "A" (high blood pressure) and the presence/absence of "B" (moderate alcohol consumption) for individuals in the population. This ratio is the odds ratio (OR) and can be computed following these steps:

Table HeaderCol 1 Col 2
Answer
Tao Le (Admin0) 12 year бұрын
In statistics, the odds ratio[1][2][3] (usually abbreviated ″OR″) is one of three main ways to quantify how strongly the presence or absence of property A is associated with the presence or absence of property B in a given population. If each individual in a population either does or does not have a property ″A,″ (e.g. "high blood pressure″), and also either does or does not have a property ″B″ (e.g. ″moderate alcohol consumption″) where both properties are appropriately defined, then a ratio can be formed which quantitatively describes the association between the presence/absence of "A" (high blood pressure) and the presence/absence of "B" (moderate alcohol consumption) for individuals in the population. This ratio is the odds ratio (OR) and can be computed following these steps:

Table HeaderCol 1 Col 2
Vikas Bhushan (Admin0) 12 year бұрын


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